Yesli sushchestvuyet khot’ malaya vozmozhnost’ podklyuchit’ sobstvennyy dom k tsentralizovannoy vodoprovodnoy seti, yeyu neobkhodimo vospol’zovat’sya, nesmotrya na bol’shiye usiliya, a zachastuyu i poryadochnyye finansovyye zatraty. V nashi dni voda igrayet vazhneyshuyu rol’ v zhizni cheloveka, sledovatel’no neobkhodimo imet’ ne tol’ko nadezhnyy yeyo istochnik, no i takoy, kotoryy by garantiroval yeyo kachestvo. Yesli vybirat’ mezhdu lichnoy skvazhinoy i tsentral’nym vodosnabzheniyem, predpochteniye neobkhodimo otdavat’ poslednemu. Ispol’zovaniye vody iz tsentralizovannogo vodoprovoda yavlyayetsya boleye udobnym i boleye bezopasnym. V dannom sluchaye obsluzhivaniyem, remontom i ustraneniyem razlichnykh avariy vodoprovodnoy seti do schetchika zanimayetsya neposredstvenno postavshchik vody. Pri ispol’zovanii sobstvennoy skvazhiny obo vsem neobkhodimo zabotitsya samostoyatel’no. Ko vsemu prochemu v sluchaye ispol’zovaniya sobstvennoy skvazhiny u Vas povyshayet risk ostat’sya bez vody, k primeru, v sluchaye otsutstviya napryazheniya v seti ili polomki vodyanogo nasosa. Ne zabyvayte yeshche i o tom, chto khotya voda iz tsentralizovannogo vodoprovoda ne obladayet vysokimi vkusovymi kharakteristikami, odnako yeyo sootvetstviye ustanovlennym normam i kachestvo postoyanno kontroliruyetsya postavshchikom vody. Dannaya voda yavlyayetsya bakteriologicheski chistoy i v ney uzhe otsutstvuyet pereizbytok zheleza, chto nel’zya utverditel’no skazat’ o vode iz skvazhiny, kachestvo kotoroy Vam pridetsya postoyanno kontrolirovat’, vypolnyaya platnyye proby. V nastoyashcheye vremya sushchestvuyet praktika, po kotoroy podklyucheniye novostroyek, nevazhno eto mnogoetazhnyye doma ili chastnyye kottedzhi, k vodoprovodnoy seti yavlyayetsya obyazatel’nym. Dannuyu obyazannost’ na zastroyshchika nakladyvayut mestnyye organy samoupravleniya dlya togo, chtoby poluchit’ razresheniye na zastroyku i vvedeniye v ekspluatatsiyu doma. Yesli zhe dom uzhe nakhodilsya v ekspluatatsii, to sobstvennik sam vprave prinimat’ resheniye kakim imenno sposobom obespechit’ sebya vodoy. V lyubom sluchaye vse raskhody, s vypolneniyem vvoda i podklyucheniya, nesut neposredstvenno vladel’tsy domov. Vladel’tsy do momenta podpisaniya dogovora o vodosnabzhenii dolzhny vypolnit’ ryad neobkhodimykh meropriyatiy, yavlyayushchikhsya obyazatel’nymi: poluchit’ tekhnicheskiye usloviya, razrabotat’, soglasovat’ i utverdit’ proyekt, vypolnit’ stroitel’stvo vodoprovoda i t. d.
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If there is even a small opportunity to connect your own house to a centralized water supply network, it must be used, despite great efforts, and often decent financial costs. Nowadays, water plays an important role in human life, therefore it is necessary to have not only a reliable source of it, but also one that would guarantee its quality.
If you choose between a personal well and a central water supply, preference should be given to the latter. Using water from a centralized water supply is more convenient and safer. In this case, the water supplier is directly involved in the maintenance, repair and elimination of various accidents of the water supply network to the meter.
When using your own well, you need to take care of everything yourself. In addition, in the case of using your own well, you have an increased risk of being left without water, for example, in the event of a power failure in the network or a breakdown of the water pump. Do not forget also that although water from a centralized water supply does not have high taste characteristics, however, its compliance with established standards and quality is constantly monitored by the water supplier.
This water is bacteriologically pure and there is no excess of iron in it, which cannot be said positively about water from a well, the quality of which you will have to constantly monitor by performing paid samples. Currently, there is a practice according to which the connection of new buildings, no matter if they are multi-storey buildings or private cottages, to the water supply network is mandatory. This obligation is imposed on the builder by local governments in order to obtain a building permit and commissioning of the house. If the house has already been in operation, then the owner himself has the right to decide how to provide himself with water. In any case, all costs, including input and connection, are borne directly by the owners of the houses.
The owners, before signing the water supply agreement, must perform a number of necessary measures that are mandatory: obtain technical conditions, develop, agree and approve the project, complete the construction of the water supply system, etc.
Let’s take a closer look at each of these steps together. First of all, as for any external input, it is necessary to submit an appropriate application to the executive committee of the local government. Before this, you must contact the water utility department at the place of residence to obtain technical conditions for the connection.
It is mandatory to attach to the application a plan of your site, a copy of the right to property, a completed special questionnaire (it is best to entrust its completion to your designer). Treat the choice of a designer with special responsibility, as his competence, literacy and decency will allow you to avoid a number of questions during the coordination and approval of the project. The candidature of the designer can be advised to you in the management of the water utility.
When selecting a designer, pay attention to his awareness of the requirements of local government. In some cases, when connecting to a centralized water supply, it becomes necessary to carry out earthworks on the carriageway of the street. In this case, you will need an additional permit for the temporary occupation of this territory, which is issued by the relevant service, most often this is the service for the improvement of the executive body of self-government. To obtain the appropriate permit, it will be necessary to provide a special traffic management scheme for the duration of these works. This project indicates the place of work, ways of its designation and fencing. This project requires mandatory coordination with the engineering network service, road maintenance service and the state traffic inspectorate.
This licensing procedure is carried out directly by the commissioning contractor or the contractor, on behalf of the contractor. The costs associated with carrying out work on the street fall on the shoulders of the contractor, as well as the responsibilities for ensuring the safety and protection of the construction site: renting and installing road signs, fencing the work site, refreshing the construction site at night, etc. After you have collected everything the necessary documents, submitted them for consideration and are waiting for the entry into force of the application, you can start looking for the direct contractor of the work. It is best to consider several candidates. One of the main requirements for the candidate is the availability of an appropriate license for the installation and construction of external water supply networks.
When conducting a comparative analysis for several candidates, it is necessary to take into account the presence in the estimated costs associated with commissioning works, the following main costs:
execution of the entire scope of work related to the temporary occupation of the carriageway (traffic management project, etc.),
expenses associated with the study of soil density after work, backfilling and tamping of the entry point on the street,
restoration after the work of the early dismantled pavement,
the whole complex of geodetic works before and after the work.
ask if the selected contractor has sufficient qualifications, experience in carrying out a specific type of work, in accepting and transferring it to the balance of the water utility. Give preference to a contractor who cooperates with the local water utility and has positive recommendations from him.
Choosing the right contractor can ensure that the acceptance and commissioning process is quick and hassle-free. The average time from filing the relevant application to receiving a positive response to construction work can be about 2-3 months. This period must be taken into account so that the planned land work takes place at a favorable time. If the main water supply line is on the same side as your house, then the time for obtaining a permit, project approval and construction work can be significantly reduced. With a favorable set of circumstances, competently and correctly planned work, the construction of a water supply can be completed in a few days.
At the beginning of construction work on the arrangement and connection of the input, you need to have the following documents on hand:
technical condition issued by the water utility department for the implementation of water supply,
commissioning project agreed with the water utility department,
appropriate permission to start work from the executive power of local government.
only if you have all three documents you have the right to start construction work.
The input gasket must be carried out below the freezing depth (usually 120 – 130 cm). It is performed in a straight line from the point of insertion into the main water supply under the fence through the site, directly into the house. If there is no place in the house where a water meter could be placed, then a sewer well will have to be additionally built on the site near the house.
The arrangement of a well for installing a water meter entails additional costs, which make up a significant proportion of the total costs. There are cases when, according to technical requirements, it is not possible to install a meter in the house. In most cases, this is due to the fact that water utility workers should have free access to both metering devices and the entire section of the water utility located up to the meter. In cases where access to the meter in the house is difficult, the water utility has the right to demand the construction of a well, which, after its construction, is transferred to its (the water utility) balance. For a water supplier, first of all, the accuracy and reliability of the readings of metering devices is important, therefore, it is mainly required to install meters in straight sections (without all kinds of bends).
If the meter is placed in the house, then it is mounted immediately behind the wall through which the input is made. For the convenience of taking readings, it is installed within 60 – 80 cm from the floor level. We draw your special attention to the fact that according to the technical specifications, it is necessary to install a check valve immediately after the metering device in front of the house water supply system, which will prevent the reverse flow. What kind of material to choose for the implementation of the input should be decided by the designer in agreement with the management of the water utility. Recently, polyethylene pipes have been increasingly used as water pipes, and in some cases, but much less often, galvanized steel pipes. The diameter of the pipes is selected based on the need for water, its consumed volumes.
Basically, for the water needs of one family, a pipe with a diameter of 32 mm (maximum 50 mm) is enough. Depending on the manufacturer and material, plastic pipes can be connected using self-clamping couplings with gaskets or welded. Pipes must be laid slightly below the freezing depth of the soil (110 cm for the Kyiv region) with a slope of 1-2% in the direction of the main pipe. If you have to build a well to accommodate metering devices, then it is best to make it from concrete rings with a diameter of 1 – 1.5 meters. The specific diameter of the well is chosen individually, as there are times when it is necessary to place not one, but several counters for various co-owners of the house. The well must be covered from above with a concrete cover and a cast-iron hatch should be installed.
In cases where you have a high level of groundwater on the site, then in order to prevent moisture from entering the sewer well, it is recommended to use a ready-made plastic hermetic well. After completion of all construction works, before commissioning the water inlet, it is mandatory to carry out hydraulic pressure tests. The standard water pressure in the water supply system is about 6 atmospheres, therefore, before starting operation, it is necessary to carefully check the tightness of all connections, the reliability of the entire water supply line, as well as the tightness and tightness of the taps.
For these purposes, a valve is installed at the end of the pipe, the valve is opened, air is released from the water inlet, and then the valve is closed and the tightness is checked. On not very long inputs (up to 20 meters), a line pressure test is sufficient. If the input lines are longer, then they must be tested with a higher pressure, which is increased using special pumps. After successful hydrotesting, a metering device is installed and representatives of the water utility are invited to accept the water supply inlet into operation. Which specific water meter to choose is up to the developer himself, however, the water meter must have the appropriate UkrSEPRO certificate and passport. Upon acceptance, representatives of the water utility check the correctness of the work, compliance with the requirements of the project, as well as the conformity of the type of meter and the correctness of its installation.
With strict observance of the requirements of the project and the correct connection of all elements of the water supply, an acceptance certificate for operation is drawn up and the meter is sealed. This act is directly the basis for signing a contract for the provision of water supply services.
In this article, we talked about all the stages of the construction of a water supply, put emphasis on more important points. We hope that our recommendations will help you quickly, efficiently and at minimal financial cost to connect to a centralized water supply.